How can waterborne pathogens in a municipality be decreased?

Treating water with disinfectants effectively decreases waterborne pathogens in a municipality by targeting and neutralizing harmful microorganisms present in the water supply. Disinfectants such as chlorine, chloramine, and ozone are commonly used in water treatment processes to eliminate bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that can cause diseases.

Regular filtration also plays a role in reducing pathogens, but it primarily removes particles and sediments rather than effectively killing or inactivating microorganisms. While boiling drinking water is a reliable method for ensuring safety for immediate use, it is not a practical or sustainable solution for entire communities. Finally, separate piping systems for healthcare might improve safety within healthcare settings but do not address the overall municipal water supply and its treatment. This makes treatment with disinfectants a critical part of ensuring safe, clean water for the entire population, thereby significantly decreasing the risk of waterborne diseases.